USD/MXN Options RiskGarman-KohlhagenValuation 2026-06-07

FX Options Risk Lab

A pre-hedge USD/MXN options exposure analyzed through pricing, Greeks, stress repricing, hedging, VaR/ES, and P&L attribution.

The book is measured before hedging, then revalued under spot moves, volatility shocks, and one-day risk scenarios. The analysis shows how mark-to-market value can appear controlled while delta, vega, and stress-loss limits remain exposed.

GitHub ↗

Market base case

Spot USD/MXN
17.0000
MXN rate (rd)
9.50%
USD rate (rf)
4.50%
ATM volatility
12.00%
Domestic / foreign
MXN / USD
Valuation date
2026-06-07

USD/MXN is quoted as MXN per 1 USD. Under Garman-Kohlhagen, MXN is the domestic currency and USD is the foreign currency.

Book risk snapshot (pre-hedge, net exposures)

Net delta
+MXN 682.5KMXN / 1.00 spot
Net gamma
-17,038MXN / spot²
Net vega
+MXN 44.2KMXN / vol pt
Net theta
MXN -1.5KMXN / day
95% VaR 1d
MXN 159.1K10,000 Monte Carlo
Worst stress
MXN -1.08Mfull reprice

Net delta and vega are large and directional before hedging, and negative gamma drives nonlinear stress losses.

Pricing

Garman-Kohlhagen FX options

Risk

VaR, ES, stress scenarios

Hedging

Delta and vega exposure

Attribution

Where P&L comes from

02Options Book

USD/MXN Options Book

A pre-hedge exposure across strikes, maturities, calls, and puts. The book is intentionally directional before the hedge is applied.

Instruments
6calls + puts, long/short
Gross notional
USD 4.65Mgross USD notional
Net mkt value
MXN 787.1Knet mark-to-market
Net delta
+MXN 682.5KMXN / 1.00 spot
Net vega
+MXN 44.2KMXN / vol pt
Net theta
MXN -1.5KMXN / day

Composition

Legs
6
Long / short
3 / 3
Calls / puts
3 / 3
Maturities
0.10 to 1.00y
Strikes
16.00 to 18.00

Instruments

IDTypePosNotional USDStrikeMaturityImplied vol
OPT-001callLONGUSD 1,000,00017.00000.25y12.0%
OPT-002callSHORTUSD 750,00017.50000.25y12.5%
OPT-003putLONGUSD 1,000,00016.50000.50y13.0%
OPT-004putSHORTUSD 500,00017.00000.10y11.5%
OPT-005callLONGUSD 600,00018.00001.00y14.0%
OPT-006putSHORTUSD 800,00016.00000.75y13.5%
03Pricing & Greeks

Instrument Valuation and Risk Sensitivities

Garman-Kohlhagen valuation with position-signed Greeks at instrument and book level. The model extends Black-Scholes to FX by treating the foreign rate as a continuous yield.

Vega per 1 vol point; theta per calendar day. Greeks are position-signed.

Net mkt value
MXN 787.1Knet mark-to-market
Net delta
+MXN 682.5KMXN / 1.00 spot
Net gamma
-17,038MXN / spot²
Net vega
+MXN 44.2KMXN / vol pt
Net theta
MXN -1.5KMXN / day
Instrument risk reportGarman-Kohlhagen, position-signed
IDTypePosPx / USDMkt ValSigned MVΔ signedΓ signedVega/ptΘ/day
OPT-001callLONG0.5129512,860+512,860+587,542+375,915+32,592-3,378
OPT-002callSHORT0.2974223,078-223,078-302,618-271,027-24,477+2,323
OPT-003putLONG0.2519251,945+251,945-254,425+203,035+38,140-700
OPT-004putSHORT0.2050102,505-102,505+218,089-317,334-10,547+1,127
OPT-005callLONG0.8530511,818+511,818+291,117+96,131+38,895-1,291
OPT-006putSHORT0.2049163,914-163,914+142,825-103,757-30,361+373

Signed columns sum to the book-level net exposures above.

04Stress Testing

Spot and Volatility Stress Repricing

Full-book repricing across USD/MXN spot and implied-volatility shocks. The grid captures nonlinear option behavior that linear Greeks can miss.

Immediate revaluation; no time decay.

Worst-case P&L
MXN -1.08Mlargest full-reprice loss
Worst scenario
-10%, -5.0 vol ptsspot, vol shock
Best-case P&L
+MXN 1.32M+10%, +5.0 vol pts
Stress limit
MXN 750.0Killustrative threshold
Status144%
Breachworst loss vs limit
Spot-volatility stress P&LMXN
σ↓
-10
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
+2
+4
+6
+8
+10
+5
+3
+1
0
-1
-3
-5

columns: USD/MXN spot shock  ·  rows: implied-volatility shock

MXN -1.32M
+MXN 1.32M
worst case best case

Each cell is the full repriced book P&L minus the base book value.

Spot shock P&Lvol held at base
Volatility shock P&Lspot held at base
05Hedging

Delta Hedge Impact

A static spot hedge offsets first-order exposure while leaving residual gamma, vega, theta, and nonlinear repricing risk.

Original delta
+MXN 682.5KMXN / 1.00 spot
Hedge notional
USD -682.5Ksell USD/MXN
Hedged delta
MXN 0residual first-order
Delta cut
100.0%first-order risk
Unhedged worst
MXN -983.5K±10% spot grid
Hedged worst
MXN -6.5Kresidual gamma
Worst-loss cut
99.3%downside removed
Unhedged vs hedged P&Lspot shocks, hedge sized to offset net delta

A static spot hedge offsets first-order exposure while leaving residual gamma, vega, theta, and nonlinear repricing risk.

06Value at Risk

Simulated 1-Day VaR and Expected Shortfall

Monte Carlo shocks USD/MXN spot and implied volatility, then reprices the full book over a one-day horizon. VaR is a loss threshold at a confidence level; Expected Shortfall is the average loss beyond it.

Spot diffusion uses a 252-trading-day year. Time decay uses ACT/365.

95% VaR
MXN 159.1K1-day threshold
99% VaR
MXN 225.1K1-day threshold
95% ES
MXN 199.3Kmean tail loss
99% ES
MXN 259.8Kmean tail loss
Simulations
10,000Monte Carlo paths
Horizon
1dspot and vol shocks
Simulated 1-day P&L distributionspot and vol shocks

VaR and ES are positive loss numbers; ES exceeds VaR at the same confidence. Tail beyond the selected VaR is highlighted.

Risk Limitsutilization

95% VaR

159,067 / 300,000

Within limit

53%

99% VaR

225,066 / 420,000

Within limit

54%

Worst stress loss

1,078,362 / 750,000

Breach

144%

Absolute net delta

682,529 / 150,000

Breach

455%

Net vega / vol point

44,242 / 40,000

Breach

111%

Illustrative thresholds used to show utilization and breach behavior. Not calibrated to a real institution's framework.

07P&L Attribution
Full repricing P&L+MXN 687.3K

Scenario P&L Attribution

Greek-based contributions are compared with exact full repricing. The residual captures the difference between the approximation and the full revaluation.

Scenario
Scenario P&L Decomposition+5% spot / +3 vol pts

Market-shock scenarios use immediate revaluation. The carry scenario isolates one day of time decay.

Component breakdownMXN
Delta+MXN 580,150
Gamma-MXN 6,155
Vega+MXN 132,726
ThetaMXN 0
Residual-MXN 19,397
Full reprice+MXN 687,324
08Assumptions & Validation
Quant validationPASS · 10/10

Model Assumptions and Validation

Model boundaries, validation checks, and limitations behind the analysis.

Model assumptions

01USD/MXN is quoted as MXN per 1 USD.
02Market parameters are illustrative, not a forecast.
03Garman-Kohlhagen assumes lognormal FX dynamics and constant input volatility.
04Volatility smile and skew are outside the current model scope.
05Hedging is static and simplified.
06Transaction and liquidity costs are excluded.
07Spot diffusion uses a 252-trading-day year.
08Time decay uses ACT/365 calendar time.
09VaR/ES depends on scenario and distribution assumptions.
10Limits are illustrative thresholds.
11Not intended for trading or production risk management.

Validation

Custom Garman-Kohlhagen prices and Greeks are benchmarked against QuantLib.

Checks cover pricing, Greeks, book aggregation, scenario repricing, hedging, VaR/ES sign and monotonicity, and the attribution identity.

Disclaimer

This work uses illustrative data and simplified modeling assumptions. It is not intended for trading or production risk management.